A December 2024 BBC investigation reignited public debate about English proficiency levels among international students in the UK. As global student mobility increases, the central question arises: What is the appropriate English proficiency threshold for university admissions?

While many assume there’s a “magic number,” determining the right English test score is complex due to the diversity of programmes and proficiency tests. A recent ICEF webinar with experts from Cambridge English and Cardiff University highlighted best practices in setting these standards.

Why English Proficiency Thresholds Matter

• English proficiency scores aim to reflect the minimum language ability needed for academic success.

• If set too low, students may struggle academically, leading to dropouts, misconduct, and poor well-being.

• Setting the right level supports academic integrity and a thriving learning environment.

How Institutions Decide

Cardiff University uses a comprehensive process:

• Evaluates test validity, security, and alignment with CEFR.

• Sets both overall and subscores (reading, writing, listening, speaking).

• Decisions are reviewed by committees of senior staff and faculty.

Experts agree that thresholds must be programme-specific. For example:

• Medicine, law, and nursing require higher scores due to language complexity and safety needs.

• Creative writing demands different skills than maths or science.

• Shorter, intensive programmes (like 12-month master’s) may require higher scores than longer undergraduate courses.

Current Issues with Threshold Setting

A 2025 IELTS report found that many universities set lower-than-recommended minimum scores, with some going as low as IELTS 5.0, even though 7.5 is advised for demanding programmes.

This highlights a disconnect between test developers’ recommendations and institutional practice.

Best Practices Moving Forward

Justin Rodford of Cambridge English advises:

• Form a working group (admissions, faculty, international office).

• Assess programme-specific language needs.

• Request evidence and data from test providers to ensure validity.

• Use support materials like Cambridge’s detailed guide for institutions.

Conclusion

There’s no one-size-fits-all score, but institutions can make informed decisions by using data, consulting experts, and leveraging resources from reputable testing bodies to ensure students are adequately prepared for academic success.